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  　　This kind of Resistance-reduce-agent is composed of many ingredients, including electrolyte, curing agent, lubricant, electro-conductive cement and stuffing materials. As one excellent electric conductor, it is used between grounding part and earth. On the one hand, it can be closely connected to metal grounding to form enough current surface; on the other hand, it can infiltrate into soil near it to lower resistance and form one low resistance district around grounding parts.
 
 
     
 
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6. Function & Characteristic of Surge Restrain Protection Device

Main characteristic of QSD series surge restrain protection device

■Surge identification
The largest functional advantage of SPD of QSD series is that it has surge identification, which eliminates the normal phenomenon of SPS such as aging and self-damage and extends the using life of SPD. In the SPD module, it sets one switch for bearing lmax of surge identification; in normal condition, the identification switch keeps high resistance state to separate MOV and circuit; therefore, the MOV can not be disturbed by electronic surge and has none touch current; when the electric surge reaches the open voltage, this controller will react before MOV quickly and change the high resistance into low resistance making MOV connect into protection circuit; the electric surge will connect earth quickly and SPD will resume automatically (in the limit of lmax) that carries out the protection function of SPD. This technique has got national patent (ZL 03 2 21829.X). (This function is only for Y series surge restrain protection device.)

■Creditable electronic type thermal trip equipment
The SPD of QSD series adopts electronic type thermal trip equipment. MOV connects with the high quality thermal trip electronic component of topology circuit; when SPD becomes bad thermal, short or over-load and reaches the trip temperature (110 ℃ ), MOV will separate with circuit quickly and be in separating state for avoiding the accident of fire and blast, which is very sample and creditable. It avoids the security hidden trouble in the machinery thermal trip equipment at present.

■Creditable aging warning way—indicator light
The SPD of QSD series adopts electronic type thermal trip equipment—indicator light visible warning. When MOV separates with circuit (over hot, short or over-load), the indicator light will crush out; the SPD of QSD series with the nominal discharge current over 40KA has two indicator lights; the two indicator lights will shine in normal condition; the two indicator light will crush out when aging entirely, which must replacing at this time. When one of the two indicator lights crush out, it indicates that one of MOV lapse for aging and the other MOV can be used, which indicates users should be prepared for replacing module. This warning way breaks the traditional warning way that the machinery thermal trip equipment (spring) drives the color brand to display the color changing of window, which avoids losing warning function for the lapsing of spring.

■Hot backup function
The SPD of QSD series adopts the MOV that its dimension is smaller φ 20mm and has stable capacity according to the second edition of UL1449; it ensures the consistency and stability of very MOV piece and gets specs of different flow after strict parameter choosing, capacity matching and redundancy parallel; when one MOV in SPD is aging, the others can still be used or can be dived into use, therefore, it has the function of hot backup. It has important meaning for the condition of continuous electronic surge disturbing (like discharge for lightning strike) and it can protect the equipment furthest.

■Signal monitoring
The SPD of QSD series adopts design of modulus; it can carry out the outer warning and monitoring of computer networking only when connecting with relative equipment and outputting signals; it can master the lighting strike information and eliminate malfunction in time.